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EML 6232 INTRODUCTION TO
COMPOSITE MATERIALS EML4230 FALL 2013 ROOM ENG003 (MWF 2-2:50PM) INTRODUCTION: "Do not give them any more
straw to make bricks with, as your custom has been; let them go and find
straw for themselves" (Exodus 5). Although synthetic composites
have existed for thousands of years, the high technology of advanced
composites has been used in the aerospace industry
only for the last fifty years. The
applications are becoming diverse - from aircraft structures and missile
canisters to tennis racquets and fishing rods. The objective of this course
is to analyze and design structures made of fiber reinforced composite
materials. SHORT
OBJECTIVES:
Introduce to advanced composite materials and their applications. Develop fundamental relationships for
predicting the mechanical and hygrothermal response of multi layered
materials and structures. Develop
micromechanical and macromechanical relationships for lamina and laminated materials
with emphasis on continuous filament.
Introduce material, structural, and strength optimization to design
laminated composite materials using user-friendly software. IMPORTANT
URLS: Course website http://www.eng.usf.edu/~kaw/class/composites Course Resources http://www.eng.usf.edu/~kaw/class/composites/resources.html Learning Management System (LMS) website https://usflearn.instructure.com
(Grades will be posted here) Piazza – an online discussion board http://piazza.com/usf/fall2013/eml4230
(This is where everything will be posted and discussed). Postings can be done
anonymously. Email: Send personal issues of concern to kaw@usf.edu OBJECTIVES (letters in brackets
at end of each objective correspond to a-k program outcomes of Mechanical
Engineering for ABET 2000 accreditation given below): Introduction
to Composite Materials (j) Define a composite,
enumerate advantages and drawbacks of composites over monolithic materials,
and discuss factors which influence mechanical properties of a composite Classify composites,
introduce common types of fibers and matrices, and manufacturing, mechanical
properties and applications of composites Recycling of
composites Introduce terminology
used for studying mechanics of composites Macromechanics
of a Lamina (a, e, l, n) Review definitions of
stress, strain, elastic moduli and strain energy Derive stress-strain
relationships for different types of materials Derive stress-strain
relationships for a unidirectional/bidirectional lamina Find the engineering
constants of a unidirectional/bidirectional lamina in terms of the stiffness
and compliance parameters of the lamina Derive stress-strain
relationships, elastic moduli, strengths, thermal and moisture expansion
coefficients of an angle ply based on those of a unidirectional/bidirectional
lamina and the angle of the ply Micromechanical
Analysis of a Lamina (a, e, l, n) Develop concepts of
volume and weight fraction of fiber and matrix, density and void fraction in
composites Find the nine
mechanical and four hygrothermal constants: four elastic moduli, five
strength parameters, two coefficients of thermal expansion and two
coefficients of moisture expansion of a unidirectional lamina from the
individual properties of the fiber and the matrix, fiber volume fraction, and
fiber packing Discuss the
experimental characterization of the above nine mechanical and four
hygrothermal constants Macromechanical
Analysis of a Laminate (a, e, l, n) Write the code for
laminate stacking sequence Develop relationships
of mechanical and hygrothermal loads applied to a laminate to strains and
stresses in each lamina Find the elastic moduli
of laminate based on the elastic moduli of individual laminas and the
stacking sequence Find the coefficients
of thermal and moisture expansion of a laminate based on elastic moduli,
coefficients of thermal and moisture expansion of individual laminas, and
stacking sequence Failure,
Analysis and Design of Laminates (a, c, e, g, k, l, n, o) Analyze the
significance of stiffness, and hygrothermal and mechanical response of
special cases of laminates Establish the failure
criteria for laminates based on failure of individual lamina in a laminate Design laminated
structures such as plates, drive shafts and thin pressure vessels subjected
to in-plane and hygrothermal loads Introduce other
mechanical design issues in laminated composites PROGRAM
OUTCOMES FOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING The measurable outcomes expected of all
graduates of the program are stated below: a. An ability to apply
knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering; b. An ability to
design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data; c. An ability to
design a system, component or process to meet desired needs; d. An ability to
function on multi-disciplinary teams; e. An ability to
identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems; f. An understanding of
professional and ethical responsibility; g. An ability to
communicate effectively; h. The broad
educational necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a
global/societal context; i. A recognition of
the need for and an ability to engage in life long learning; j. A knowledge of
contemporary issues; and, k. An ability; to use
the techniques, skills, and modem engineering tools necessary for engineering
practice; 1. A
knowledge
of chemistry and physics with depth in both. m.
An ability to apply advanced mathematics through multivariate calculus and
differential equations. n. A familiarity with
statistics and linear algebra; o.
The ability to work professionally in both thermal and mechanical systems
areas including the design and realization of such systems. OUTCOMES: Students would have fundamental knowledge in
mechanical analysis and design of structures made of composite materials PRE
REQUISITES:
Mechanics of
Materials, EML 3500 or equivalent. Computational Methods,
EML3041 or equivalent. You should have a C- or higher in both
courses. CALCULATOR: No programmable
calculators are allowed in the classroom or tests. You can only use nonprogrammable
calculators for class work, homework, and tests. The only acceptable calculators are TI-30Xa and TI-30Xa Solar. No other
calculator is allowed. No exceptions will be
made. Office Depot, Staples,
and Wal-Mart stock these calculators.
Bring the calculator to every class. TEXTBOOK: Mechanics of
Composite Materials by Autar K. Kaw, CRC-LLC Press, FL, Second Edition, 2005. The book is available at the library for a full-semester
loaner (will not be recalled) to first 25 students. OFFICE
LOCATION:
ENC 2215 E-MAIL : kaw@usf.edu OFFICE
HOURS:
M 4-5; W 3-4 PM We will also discuss the course via Piazza https://piazza.com/class#spring2013/eml4230 GRADING: Your final letter
grade will be based on the following: Test
dates Test 1: 15%
Monday September 9 Test 2: 20% Friday October 11 Portfolio Submission at Test 2: 10% October 11 2PM Test 3: 20%
Friday November 15 Portfolio Submission at Test 3: 10% November 15 2PM Comprehensive Test (Chapters 2-5 only): 25% Wed December 11 (3-5PM) Extra
credit opportunities may be given throughout the
semester. GUARANTEED
GRADING POLICY: Grade A+
is 95-100 (4.00) Grade
A is 90-94 (4.00) Grade A- is 86-89 (3.67) Grade B+ is 83-85 (3.33)
Grade B is 80-82 (3.00) Grade
B- is 76-79 (2.67) Grade C+ is 73-75 (2.33) Grade C is 70-72 (2.00) Grade C– is 66-69 (1.67) Grade D+ is 63-65 (1.33)
Grade D is 60-62 (1.00) Grade
D is 56-59 (0.67) Grade F is 0-55 (0.00). Your final grade will be
rounded off as follows at the end of the course. The integer part of your course after
adding 0.999999 will be recorded as your final
grade. For example, 84.000001 will be
rounded off as 85, and 84.0000009 will be rounded off as 84. Course grades will be
evaluated on the above percentages and a letter grade will be assigned
to you as outlined in the University catalog for undergraduate students (2013-2014). Ten
points will be added to every test if you signed up
for EML4230. Course grades will be
evaluated on percentage score and a letter grade will be assigned to
you as outlined in the University catalog for undergraduate/graduate students
(2013-2014). COURSE
SCHEDULE _______________________________________________________________ TOPIC LECTURE HOURS __________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 1 6 Introduction to Composite Materials CHAPTER 2 12 Macromechanical Behavior of a Lamina CHAPTER 3 6 Micromechanical Behavior of a Lamina CHAPTER 4 6 Macromechanical Behavior of a Laminate CHAPTER 5 8 Design and Failure of a Laminate __________________________________________________________________ All the examinations and tests stated above
will be closed book and closed notes.
A formula sheet made by the instructor may be allowed to be used in
Tests 2, 3 and final examination.
Course grades will be evaluated on the above
percentages and a letter grade will be assigned to you as outlined in the
University catalog for undergraduates and graduates (2013-2014). MAKE UP
TEST POLICY:
In the event of a serious illness (physician's statement documenting severity
of illness required), death in the family or other legitimate, documented,
verifiable emergency resulting in the absence from a schedule test, a student
may be given a make-up test. Notification of absence must
be given prior to the commencement of the scheduled examination or
test to me. Do not presume that your
reasons for missing an examination or test are acceptable unless
authorization is given to you. In the event of an emergency, it may be
necessary for USF to suspend normal operations. During this time, USF may opt to continue
delivery of instruction through methods that include but are not limited to: Blackboard, Elluminate, Skype, and email messaging
and/or an alternate schedule. It is
the responsibility of the student to monitor Blackboard site for each class
for course specific communication, and the main USF, College, and department
websites, emails, and MoBull messages for important general information. REGRADING
POLICY Regrading of a test, homework, or computer
project should be requested within five working days
of it being returned to you. Regrading
after the final grade has been assigned for the
course will be allowed only in extreme circumstances. Mistakes in the grade book entries should be rectified as soon as possible to avoid any
change of grade issues. You will need
a copy of all your graded tests for verification. KEEP ALL YOUR GRADED PAPERS TILL THE END OF THE COURSE. GRADES
ON THE WEB Grades will be updated
on the web (https://learn.usf.edu) after grading of each est. MISSED
EXAMINATIONS NO make up tests will be
given. However, in the event of
a serious illness (physician's statement documenting severity of illness
required), death in the family or other legitimate, documented, verifiable
emergency resulting in the absence from a schedule test, each case will be evaluated separately. The decision of the instructor is
final. An example of a make-up score
is that if you miss a test, you may be given the
same grade as another exam, and so on.
Curving of make-up exam grades is at the discretion of the instructor.
Notification of absence must
be given before the commencement of the scheduled examination or test
to me. You need to type a professional
memo (no e-mails will be accepted) about your absence addressed to me as soon
as possible. Attach any documentation
with it. Do not presume that your reasons for missing
an examination or test are acceptable unless authorization is
given to you. POLICY
ON RELIGIOUS OBSERVATIONS Students who need to be absent under this rule
must provide written notice of date(s) to me by the second-class meeting. POLICY
ON STUDENT DISABILITY ACCOMODATIONS “Students
in need of academic accommodations for a disability may consult with the
office of Students with Disabilities Services to arrange appropriate
accommodations. Students are required to give reasonable notice prior to
requesting an accommodation.” The website is http://www.sds.usf.edu/index.htm. ACADEMIC
DISHONESTY AND DISRUPTION If you are found
cheating on any of the homework, quizzes or tests, you will get a ‘FF’ for
the whole course, and referred to the Dean’s office for further process or
appeal. Academic disruption includes excessive side
talking and lack of respect for your fellow classmates and the instructor,
and will be handled as per the undergraduate/graduate
catalog of 2013-2014. Fall 2013 – Course Content Chapter 1: Introduction to Composite Materials Assigned
Pages All Problems
assigned (All
problems. No portfolio
submission) Chapter 2: Macromechanical Analysis of a Lamina Assigned
Pages All Problems
assigned (All odd numbered
problems for portfolio submission required) You
can use any resource to do the following matrix algebra procedures: a)
Get a solution to a set of equations b)
find the inverse of a matrix 2.1
2.2-2.3
(see errata sheet
for revised numbers) 2.6-2.19 2.20.
Can use Sbar and Qbar from PROMAL 2.21.
Can use MATLAB 2.22.
Can use Sbar and Qbar from PROMAL 2.23.
Can use MATLAB 2.24. Can use Qbar and Sbar from PROMAL. 2.25-2.26 2.27-2.28. Use the answers
given in the solutions
document. It is enough to show an
example. No need to
prove the inequalities. Can use MATLAB to plot graphs. 2.29-2.30. Can use MATLAB. 2.31-2.37 2.38.
Can Use MATLAB 2.41. Can use MATLAB. Chapter 3: Micromechanical Analysis of a Lamina Assigned
Pages Pages
203-239 Pages
271-295 (skip derivations of the analytical strength models but understand
the inputs in the resulting formulas on pages 277-293) Pages
296-307 Problems
assigned (All odd numbered
problems for portfolio submission required) You can use any resource to do the following
matrix algebra procedures: a)
Get a solution to a set of equations b)
find the inverse of a matrix 3.1-3.11 3.14-3.15 3.17-3.18 3.19-3.20.
You can use computational systems such as MATLAB. Clearly show the inputs and outputs of the
problem in the program. 3.22-3.23.
You can use computational systems such as MATLAB. Clearly show the inputs and outputs of the
problem in the program. 3.24-3.25 Chapter 4: Macromechanical Analysis of a Laminate Assigned
Pages All
Problems
assigned (All odd numbered
problems for portfolio submission required) You
can use any resource to do the following matrix algebra procedures: a)
Get a solution to a set of equations b)
find the inverse of a matrix 4.1-4.6 4.7.
Calculate Nx and Mx by hand, rest you can use MATLAB 4.8 Qbar from PROMAL 4.9-4.12 4.13. [A], [B], [D] from PROMAL. Just find Mx shared by the top ply. 4.14.
You can use MATLAB 4.15.
[A], [B], [D] from PROMAL 4.16-4.19.
You can use PROMAL Chapter 5: Design Assigned
Pages: All Problems
assigned (All odd numbered
problems for portfolio submission required) You
can use any resource to do the following matrix algebra procedures: a)
Get a solution to a set of equations b)
find the inverse of a matrix 5.1-5.5 5.6. [A], [B], [D]
from PROMAL. 5.7-5.11. 5.12-5.24.
You can use PROMAL |